GNU MCU Eclipse RISC-V Embedded GCC v7.2.0-1-20171109 released
The main improvement is in GDB, which no longer returns the 4096 CSRs together with the general registers. In contrast to the riscv64-unknown-elf
toolchain, this toolchain is clearly intended for bare-metal embedded applications; for this it was necessary to update to the latest newlib 2.5 release which uses ‘underscore’ syscall functions and to remove the mandatory use of libgloss.
To avoid any confusions with the riscv64-unknown-elf
toolchain, this toolchain was renamed to the more appropriate riscv-none-embedded-
.
Download
The binary files are available from GitHub Releases.
Compliance
All GNU MCU Eclipse RISC-V Embedded GCC releases are based on the official RISC-V source files maintained by SiFive.
The current version is based on project riscv/riscv-gnu-toolchain, tag v20171107 (commit f5fae1c) from Nov 7th, which depends on the following:
- the riscv/riscv-gcc project, commit b731149 from from Nov 7th, 2017
- the riscv/riscv-binutils-gdb project, commit d0176cb from Nov 8th, 2017
A newer commit was used for newlib:
- the riscv/riscv-newlib project, commit ccd8a0a from Nov 5th, 2017
The supported architectures (-march=
) are:
rv32i[m][a][f[d]][c]
rv32g[c]
rv64i[m][a][f[d]][c]
rv64g[c]
The supported ABIs (-mabi=
) are:
ilp32
(32-bit, soft-float)ilp32f
(32-bit with single-precision in registers and double in memory, niche use only)ilp32d
(32-bit, hard-float)lp64
(64-bit long and pointers, soft-float)lp64f
(64-bit long and pointers, with single-precision in registers and double in memory, niche use only)lp64d
(64-bit long and pointers, hard-float).
The supported libraries are (in parenthesis are combinations that reuse simpler libraries):
march=rv32i/mabi=ilp32 (march.rv32ic/mabi.ilp32)
march=rv32im/mabi=ilp32 (march.rv32imc/mabi.ilp32)
march=rv32iac/mabi=ilp32
march=rv32imac/mabi=ilp32
march=rv32imaf/mabi=ilp32f <-- New
march=rv32imafc/mabi=ilp32f (march.rv32imafdc/mabi.ilp32f, march.rv32gc/mabi.ilp32f)
march=rv64imac/mabi=lp64
march=rv64imafdc/mabi=lp64d (march.rv64gc/mabi.lp64d)
Please note that, although all combinations of march/mabi
are supported by the compiler, not all of them have libraries.
Improvements
Compared to the original RISC-V riscv64-unknown-elf
toolchain, the following improvements can be noted:
- GDB was patched to no longer returns the 4096 CSRs together with the general registers
- a newer
newlib
was included, which supports the ‘underscore’ syscall functions - the mandatory reference to
libgloss
in the linker configuration was removed - the
march=rv32imaf/mabi=ilp32f
library was added to the list of multi-libs - support for
newlib-nano
was added - the standard documentation, in PDF and HTML, was added
newlib-nano
Currently GNU MCU Eclipse RISC-V Embedded GCC is the only RISC-V toolchain that provides support for newlib-nano, using the --specs=nano.specs
option.
If no syscalls are needed, --specs=nosys.specs
can be used at link time to provide empty implementations for the POSIX system calls.
The nano versions of the libraries are configured with simplified implementations for printf()
and malloc()
; in addition they are compiled with -Os
, while the regular versions are compiled with -O2
.
‘Underscore’ newlib syscalls
The initial RISC-V newlib was erroneously configured to directly call system functions via their direct names (like write()
), assuming they are implemented via kernel traps in libgloss
.
The latest newlib 2.5.0 for RISC-V fixed this, and switched to the usual newlib configuration, which uses ‘underscore’ functions (like _write()
) that must be defined by the application to implement the system calls.
This change is welcome, since it brings the RISC-V toolchain in line with other toolchains, like arm-none-eabi
.
Unfortunately this change breaks the builds for the initial SiFive SDK samples, which implements the direct function names in the libwrap
library. To fix them, libwrap
should no longer be used, the --wrap
options should no longer be passed to the linker, and several functions (like _write()
, _istty()
, …) must be implemented by the application.
libgloss
For RISC-V, this library implements all syscalls via kernel traps; on other platforms (like ARM) it is used for semihosting.
The GNU MCU Eclipse RISC-V Embedded GCC toolchain no longer links automatically libgloss
; however libgloss
is still available in the distribution and applications that need to access a kernel can include it using the usual -lgloss
link option.
Documentation
Another addition compared to the official distribution is the presence of the documentation files, including the PDF manuals for all tools.
Binaries
Binaries for Windows, macOS and GNU/Linux are provided. For Windows and macOS, separate installable and plain archives are provided. For Windows and GNU/Linux, both 32/64-bit binaries are provided.
Instructions on how to install them are available in the separate How to install the RISC-V toolchain? page.
The toolchain is also available as an xPack and can be conveniently installed with xpm
:
xpm install --global @gnu-mcu-eclipse/riscv-none-gcc
This installs the latest available version.
For better control and repeatability, the build scripts use Docker containers; all files required during builds are available as a separate gnu-mcu-eclipse/riscv-none-gcc-build project.
Known problems
Running on old processors
[2018-01-10] It was recently discovered that the GNU/Linux binaries do not run on machines equipped with an older processor, even if they run a recent GNU/Linux distribution. Windows binaries seem not affected. macOS binaries may be affected, but Mac machines use more or less recent processors.
The problem was identified to be related to the build configuration, which allowed some optimizations specific to the modern processor used on the build machine. The build script was fixed to avoid specific optimizations, and the new binaries should run on any i686/x86_64 processor or newer.
Checksums
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